Application ISO 9000: ISO 14000 Series

1. Overview The ISO 14000 series of environmental management standards are intended to assist organizations manage the environmental effect of their business practices. The ISO 14000 series is similar to the ISO 9000 series published in 1987. The purpose of the ISO 9000 series is to encourage organizations to institute quality assurance management programs.

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Productivity: Factors Influencing Productivity, Measures and Improvement Techniques

Productivity is the quantitative relation between what we produce and we use as a resource to produce them, i.e, arithmetic ratio of amount produced (output) to the amount of resources (input). Productivity can be expressed as: Productivity refers to the efficiency of the production system. It is the concept that guides the management of

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Work Study in Production and Operation Management

Work study is a generic term for those techniques, method study and work measurement which are used in the examination of human work in all its contexts. And which lead systematically to the investigation of all the factors which affect the efficiency and economy of the situation being reviewed, in order to effect improvement.”

Method Work Study in Production and Operation Management

Method study enables the industrial engineer to subject each operation to systematic analysis. The main purpose of method study is to eliminate the unnecessary operations and to achieve the best method of performing the operation. Method study is also called methods engineering or work design. Method engineering is used to describe collection of analysis

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Motion Study in Production and Operation Management

Motion study is part of method study where analysis of the motion of an operator or work will be studied by following the prescribed methods. 1. Principles of Motion study There are a number of principles concerning the economy of movements which have been developed as a result of experience and which forms the

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Work Measurement in Production and Operation Management

Work measurement is also called by the name ‘time study’. Work measurement is absolutely essential for both the planning and control of operations. Without measurement data, we cannot determine the capacity of facilities or it is not possible to quote delivery dates or costs. We are not in a position to determine the rate

Time Study in Production and Operation Management

Time study is also called work measurement. It is essential for both planning and control of operations. According to British Standard Institute time study has been defined as “The application of techniques designed to establish the time for a qualified worker to carry out a specified job at a defined level of performance. ”

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Objectives of Maintenance in Production and Operation Management

Equipments are an important resource which is constantly used for adding value to products. So, it must be kept at the best operating condition. Otherwise, there will be excessive downtime and also interruption of production if it is used in a mass production line. Poor working of equipments will lead to quality related problems.

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Types of Maintenance in Production and Operation Management

The design life of most equipment requires periodic maintenance. Belts need adjustment, alignment needs to be maintained, proper lubrication on rotating equipment is required, and so on. In some cases, certain components need replacement, e.g, a wheel bearing on a motor vehicle, to ensure the main piece of equipment (in this case a car)

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Maintenance Planning in Production and Operation Management

Planning of maintenance jobs basically deals with answering two questions, ‘what’ and ‘How’ of the job; ‘what activities are to be done?’ and ‘how those jobs and activities are to be done?’ While answering these two questions, other supplementary questions are to be answered, e.g., ‘where the jobs is to be done?’ and ‘why

Maintenance Scheduling in Production and Operation Management

Scheduling is the function of coordinating all of the logistical issue around the issues regarding the execution phase of the work. Scheduled of maintenance jobs basically deals with answering two questions—‘Who’ and ‘When’ of job, i.e., “who would do the job” and “when the job would be started and done”. Effective scheduling essentially needs

Reliability centered maintenance (RCM) in Production and Operation Management

1. Modern Scientific Maintenance Methods Reliability centered maintenance: Reliability centered maintenance (RCM) is defined as “a process used to determine the maintenance requirements of any physical asset in its operating context”. Basically, RCM methodology deals with some key issues not dealt with by other maintenance programs. It recognizes that all equipment in a facility

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Six Sigma Maintenance in Production and Operation Management

It is the application of six sigma principles in maintenance. Six sigma is a maintenance process that focuses on reducing the variation in business production processes. By reducing variation, a business can achieve tighter control over its operational systems, increasing their cost effectiveness and encouraging productivity breakthrough. Six sigma is a term created at

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Enterprise Asset Management (EAM) in Production and Operation Management

Enterprise asset management is an information management system that connects all departments and disciplines within a company making them an integrated unit. EAM is also referred as computerised maintenance management system. It is the organized and systematic tracking of an organization’s physical assets i.e., its plant, equipment and facilities. EAM aims at best utilisation

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Lean Maintenance in Production and Operation Management

Lean maintenance is the application of lean principle in maintenance environments. Lean system recognises seven forms of waste in maintenance. They are over production, waiting, transportation, process waste, inventory, waste motion and defects. In lean maintenance, these wastes are identified and efforts are made for the continuous improvement in process by eliminating the wastes.

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Computer Aided Maintenance in Production and Operation Management

For effective discharge of the maintenance function, a well designed information system is an essential tool. Such systems serve as effective decision support tools in the maintenance planning and execution. For optimal maintenance scheduling, large volume of data pertaining to men, money and equipment is required to be handled. This is a difficult task

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Total Productive Maintenance (TPM)

Total productive maintenance (TPM) is a maintenance program, which involves a newly defined concept for maintaining plants and equipment. The goal of the TPM program is to markedly increase production while, at the same time, increasing employee morale and job satisfaction. It can be considered as the medical science of machines. TPM brings maintenance

Waste management in Production and Operation Management

1. INTRODUCTION AND MEANING The industrial waste and scrap consists of spoiled raw-materials, rejected components, defective parts, waste from production departments etc. involves some commercial values. They should be disposed of periodically and proper credit of the amount should be taken in the books of accounts. Hence, waste management places an important role in

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Introduction to Automation in Production and Operation Management

1. INTRODUCTION Automation is a technology concerned with the application of mechanical, electronic, and computer- based systems to operate and control production. This technology includes automatic machine tools to process parts, automatic assembly machines, industrial robots, automatic material handling and storage systems, automatic inspection systems for quality control, feedback control and computer process control,

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Automation Strategies in Production and Operation Management

There are certain fundamental strategies that can be employed to improve productivity in manufacturing operations technology. These are referred as automation strategies. Specialization of operations: The first strategy involves the use of special purpose equipment designed to perform one operation with the greatest possible efficiency. This is analogous to the concept of labour specializations,

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