Following are the principles of material handling:
- Planning principle: All handling activities should be planned.
- Systems principle: Plan a system integrating as many handling activities as possible and co-ordinating the full scope of operations (receiving, storage, production, inspection, packing, warehousing, supply and transportation).
- Space utilisation principle: Make optimum use of cubic space.
- Unit load principle: Increase quantity, size, weight of load handled.
- Gravity principle: Utilise gravity to move a material wherever practicable.
- Material flow principle: Plan an operation sequence and equipment arrangement to optimise material flow.
- Simplification principle: Reduce combine or eliminate unnecessary movement and/or equipment.
- Safety principle: Provide for safe handling methods and equipment.
- Mechanisation principle: Use mechanical or automated material handling equipment.
- Standardisation principle: Standardise method, types, size of material handling equipment.
- Flexibility principle: Use methods and equipment that can perform a variety of task and applications.
- Equipment selection principle: Consider all aspect of material, move and method to be utilised.
- Dead weight principle: Reduce the ratio of dead weight to pay load in mobile equipment.
- Motion principle: Equipment designed to transport material should be kept in motion.
- Idle time principle: Reduce idle time/unproductive time of both MH equipment and man power.
- Maintenance principle: Plan for preventive maintenance or scheduled repair of all handling equipment.
- Obsolescence principle: Replace obsolete handling methods/equipment when more efficient method/equipment will improve operation.
- Capacity principle: Use handling equipment to help achieve its full capacity.
- Control principle: Use material handling equipment to improve production control, inventory control and other handling.
- Performance principle: Determine efficiency of handling performance in terms of cost per unit handled which is the primary criterion.
Source: KumarAnil, Suresh N. (2009), Production and operations management, New Age International Pvt Ltd; 2nd Ed. edition.
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